This article on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) addresses the causes of LID during manufacturing.

Independent of the application, whether in satellite optics, video lenses or endoscopes – aspheres have already become indispensable in a wide range…

Precision optical components such as lenses or mirrors are almost always provided with an optical coating. The applied layers have different effects…

Aspheres clearly dominate in terms of imaging quality, but this is still reflected in the higher production/measurement effort and thus higher costs compared to the spherical lens…